DNA methylation in human diseases
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
DNA methylation, a hand behind neurodegenerative diseases
Epigenetic alterations represent a sort of functional modifications related to the genome that are not responsible for changes in the nucleotide sequence. DNA methylation is one of such epigenetic modifications that have been studied intensively for the past several decades. The transfer of a methyl group to the 5 position of a cytosine is the key feature of DNA methylation. A simple change as ...
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DNA methylation of CpG dinucleotides is essential for mammalian development, X inactivation, genomic imprinting, and may also be involved in immobilization of transposons and the control of tissue-specific gene expression (Bird & Wolffe, 1999). The common theme in each of these processes is gene silencing. Therefore, gene silencing is a major biological consequence of DNA methylation. As such, ...
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Epigenetic changes play an essential role in cancer pathogenesis. It has been established by next-generation sequencing that more than 50% of the human cancers carry mutations in mechanisms involved in the organization of the chromatin and epigenetic regulations. DNA methylation is among the most common epigenetic changes in leukemia. In contrast to DNA mutations which are passively inherited f...
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The basic unit of chromatin is a nucleosome included an octamer of the four core histones and 147 base pairs of DNA. Posttranslational histones modifications affect chromatin structure resulting in gene expression changes. CpG islands hypermethylation within the gene promoter regions and the deacetylation of histone proteins are the most common epigenetic modifications. The aberrant patterns of...
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Background: Betweenand within-person variation in DNA methylation levels are important parameters to be considered in epigenome-wide association studies. Temporal change is one source of within-person variation in DNA methylation that has been linked to aging and disease. Methods: We analyzed CpG-site–specific intraindividual variation and short-term temporal trend in leukocyte DNA methylation ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Genes & Diseases
سال: 2018
ISSN: 2352-3042
DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2018.01.002